Source: SBE_CTPrecorders.nc Format: classic Global Attributes: title = 'Physical oceanography data from the UFO-09 mooring, southern Norwegian Basin, 26 August 2024 – 21 August 2025' authors = 'Fer, Ilker; Brakstad, Ailin; Lid, Daniel' summary = 'This data file is a part of the data set from the UFO-09 mooring, collected as a part of the Upstream Pathways of the Faroe Overflow (UFO) experiment. The data file includes 5-min averaged temperature, salinity and pressure records from Sea-Bird Scientific (SBE) instruments and one RBR temperature logger. A full instrument list and further details are provided in the comments. For the complete, merged mooring data file produced using all instruments, see UFO9_UIB_Mooring.nc.' keywords = 'GCMDLOC:Ocean >North Atlantic Ocean, GCMDSK:Earth Science > Oceans > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > OCEAN TEMPERATURE PROFILES, GCMDSK:Earth Science > Oceans > SALINITY/DENSITY > OCEAN SALINITY > OCEAN SALINITY PROFILES, GCMDPROV:ACADEMIC > U-BERGEN/GEOPH > Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen > http://www.uib.no/gfi/ , oceanography; hydrogrpahy' type = 'Time series of temperature, salinity and pressure' data_type = 'Moored time series' id = 'DOI:10.21335/NMDC-630401122 ' naming_authority = 'The Norwegian Marine Data Centre, https://nmdc.no/' history = 'Version 1' source = 'Sea-Bird and RBR C/T/P loggers' platform = 'mooring' processing_level = 'quality controlled' comment = 'The data are from Sea-Bird Scientific (SBE) instruments: MicroCats (unpumped SBE37) and temperature loggers, SBE39 and SBE56, and one temperature logger from RBR. Instrument type, serial number, target depth (in meter) and the variables measured are listed below. T is temperature, C is conductivity and P is pressure. Instr || SN || Z(m) || Variables SBE56 || 1345 || 420 || T SBE37 || 7224 || 472 || T,P,C SBE56 || 1343 || 524 || T SBE56 || 1947 || 576 || T SBE37 || 8970 || 628 || T,P,C SBE56 || 1333 || 680 || T SBE56 || 1331 || 731 || T SBE37 || 8000 || 783 || T,C SBE56 || 1332 || 886 || T SBE37 || 7223 || 984 || T,P,C SBE37 || 8971 || 1305 || T,P,C SBE37 || 7336 || 1512 || T,C RBR-Solo || 202505 || 1615 || T SBE39 || 3143 || 1718 || T,P SBE37 || 7334 || 1824 || T,C SBE37 || 4096 || 2319 || T,C SBE37s and SBE39s sampled every 5 min and SBE56s and the RBR-Solo measured at 1 min intervals, all starting from 26 Aug 2024 1200 UTC. The data were downloaded, converted and exported using the manufacturers standard software, and then time averaged to a common 5-min time array. All SBE C/T/P instruments measured as scheduled throughout the yearlong deployment. Temperature and pressure records were free from outliers and spikes and did not show drift in time. From the salinity records, outliers were removed by imposing instrument dependent hard limits by inspecting the time series, and then despiked. Temporal drift in salinity records varied between the sensors, but was typically small, ranging between -2x10-3 to -10x10-3 per year in practical salinity scale. The linear trend was removed from all salinity time series. The resulting records were inspected and short segments of suspect data were replaced with NaNs (time ranges detected manually; typically, with abrupt jumps of extended duration in the records). Finally, constant offset corrections were applied to salinity after comparing them to shipboard CTD profiles. No correction to temperature was necessary. The data file also includes the original salinity record (PSAL_meas), before quality screening, despiking, detrending and offset correction, for reference. Salinity offsets applied per instrument is listed below. Salinity offset: sn: 7224 || 0.0150 sn: 8970 || 0.0140 sn: 8000 || 0.0100 sn: 7223 || 0.0050 sn: 8971 || 0.0090 sn: 7336 || 0.0095 sn: 7334 || 0.0180 sn: 4096 || 0.0030 ' acknowledgement = 'We thank Helge Bryhni for his support with mooring design and logistics, and the captain, crew, and UFO participants for their assistance during the deployment and recovery cruises. We thank John Kemp, James Ryder, and Eric Hutt for their assistance with mooring operations.' citation = 'Fer, Ilker; Brakstad, Ailin; Lid, Daniel (2026), Physical oceanography data from the UFO-09 mooring, southern Norwegian Basin, 26 August 2024 – 21 August 2025 [dataset] Norwegian Marine Data Centre https://doi.org/10.21335/NMDC-630401122' license = 'http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/' Conventions = 'CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3' metadata_conventions = 'Unidata Dataset Discovery v1.3' standard_name_vocabulary = 'CF Standard Name Table v87' platform_vocabulary = 'https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L06/current/' keywords_vocabulary = 'GCMDSK:GCMD Science Keywords:https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concepts/concept_scheme/sciencekeywords, GCMDPROV:GCMD Providers:https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concepts/concept_scheme/providers, GCMDLOC:GCMD Locations:https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concepts/concept_scheme/locations' area = 'North Atlantic Ocean, Southern Norwegian Basin, Northeast Iceland-Faroe slope' latitude = 64.0658 longitude = -7.07 sea_floor_depth_below_sea_level = 2417 geospatial_lat_min = 64.0658 geospatial_lat_max = 64.0658 geospatial_lat_units = 'degrees_north' geospatial_lat_resolution = 'seconds' geospatial_lon_min = -7.07 geospatial_lon_max = -7.07 geospatial_lon_units = 'degrees_east' geospatial_lon_resolution = 'seconds' geospatial_vertical_min = 420 geospatial_vertical_max = 2319 geospatial_vertical_positive = 'down' geospatial_vertical_units = 'meter' geospatial_vertical_resolution = 'centimeter' time_coverage_start = '2024-08-26T16:30:00Z' time_coverage_end = '2025-08-21T08:00:00Z' time_coverage_duration = 'P0Y11M25DT15H30M0S' date_created = '2026-07-20T10:52:58Z' date_modified = '2025-09-16T09:05:00Z' date_metadata_modified = '2026-07-20T10:52:58Z' file_creation_time = '2026-07-20T10:52:58Z' data_mode = 'D' creator_name = 'Ilker Fer' creator_email = 'ilker.fer@uib.no' creator_url = 'https://www.uib.no/gfi' institution = 'Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen' principal_investigator = 'Fer, Ilker' principal_investigator_ORCID = '0000-0002-2427-2532' contact = 'ilker.fer@uib.no' project_name = 'UFO' publisher_name = 'The Norwegian Marine Data Centre' publisher_email = 'datahjelp@hi.no' publisher_url = 'https://nmdc.no/' Dimensions: TIME = 103579 LATITUDE = 1 LONGITUDE = 1 INSTR_TARGETDEPTH = 16 PSAL_TARGETDEPTH = 8 PRES_TARGETDEPTH = 5 TEMP_TARGETDEPTH = 16 Variables: TIME Size: 103579x1 Dimensions: TIME Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'time' units = 'Days since 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z' axis = 'T' coverage_content_type = 'coordinate' long_name = 'Decimal day' comment = '1 January noon is day 0.5.' LATITUDE Size: 1x1 Dimensions: LATITUDE Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'latitude' long_name = 'Measurement position, latitude' units = 'degree_north' axis = 'Y' coverage_content_type = 'coordinate' reference = 'WGS84' LONGITUDE Size: 1x1 Dimensions: LONGITUDE Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'longitude' long_name = 'Measurement position, longitude' units = 'degree_east' axis = 'X' coverage_content_type = 'coordinate' reference = 'WGS84' INSTR_TARGETDEPTH Size: 16x1 Dimensions: INSTR_TARGETDEPTH Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'depth' units = 'm' positive = 'down' axis = 'Z' reference = 'sea_level' long_name = 'nominal depth of the instruments' comment = 'Instrument target depth is calculated from mooring diagram and time-mean depth from all instruments equipped with a reliable pressure sensor, converted to sea water depth using the UNESCO 1983 algorithm and the mooring latitude. Time-varying pressure or depth of instruments can be found in the PRES or INSTR_DEPTH variable when available.' PSAL_TARGETDEPTH Size: 8x1 Dimensions: PSAL_TARGETDEPTH Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'depth' units = 'm' positive = 'down' axis = 'Z' reference = 'sea_level' long_name = 'nominal depth of the instruments with salinity measurements' comment = 'Instrument target depth is calculated from mooring diagram and time-mean depth from all instruments equipped with a reliable pressure sensor, converted to sea water depth using the UNESCO 1983 algorithm and the mooring latitude. Time-varying pressure or depth of instruments can be found in the PRES or INSTR_DEPTH variable when available.' PRES_TARGETDEPTH Size: 5x1 Dimensions: PRES_TARGETDEPTH Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'depth' units = 'm' positive = 'down' axis = 'Z' reference = 'sea_level' long_name = 'nominal depth of the instruments with pressure measurements' comment = 'Instrument target depth is calculated from mooring diagram and time-mean depth from all instruments equipped with a reliable pressure sensor, converted to sea water depth using the UNESCO 1983 algorithm and the mooring latitude. Time-varying pressure or depth of instruments can be found in the PRES or INSTR_DEPTH variable when available.' TEMP_TARGETDEPTH Size: 16x1 Dimensions: TEMP_TARGETDEPTH Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'depth' units = 'm' positive = 'down' axis = 'Z' reference = 'sea_level' long_name = 'nominal depth of the instruments with temperature measurements' comment = 'Instrument target depth is calculated from mooring diagram and time-mean depth from all instruments equipped with a reliable pressure sensor, converted to sea water depth using the UNESCO 1983 algorithm and the mooring latitude. Time-varying pressure or depth of instruments can be found in the PRES or INSTR_DEPTH variable when available.' TEMP Size: 16x103579 Dimensions: TEMP_TARGETDEPTH,TIME Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'sea_water_temperature' units = 'degree_Celsius' coordinates = 'TIME LATITUDE LONGITUDE TEMP_TARGETDEPTH' long_name = 'sea water temperature in-situ ITS-90 scale' coverage_content_type = 'physicalMeasurement' comment = 'measured by the temperature sensors on SBE and RBR instruments' PRES Size: 5x103579 Dimensions: PRES_TARGETDEPTH,TIME Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'sea_water_pressure' units = 'decibar' long_name = 'Sea water pressure, equals 0 at sea-level' coordinates = 'TIME LATITUDE LONGITUDE PRES_TARGETDEPTH' coverage_content_type = 'physicalMeasurement' comment = 'measured by the pressure sensors on SBE instruments' COND Size: 8x103579 Dimensions: PSAL_TARGETDEPTH,TIME Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'sea_water_electrical_conductivity' units = 'S m-1' coordinates = 'TIME LATITUDE LONGITUDE PSAL_TARGETDEPTH' long_name = 'Sea water electrical conductivity' coverage_content_type = 'physicalMeasurement' comment = 'measured by the conductivity sensor on SBE instruments' PSAL Size: 8x103579 Dimensions: PSAL_TARGETDEPTH,TIME Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'sea_water_practical_salinity' units = '1' coordinates = 'TIME LATITUDE LONGITUDE PSAL_TARGETDEPTH' long_name = 'Sea water practical salinity on the PSS-78 scale' coverage_content_type = 'physicalMeasurement' comment = 'calculated in practical salinity scale using conductivity, pressure and temperature. Data are quality screened, despiked, detrended, interpolated and offset corrected. Corrections arelisted in the global comment attribute.' PSAL_meas Size: 8x103579 Dimensions: PSAL_TARGETDEPTH,TIME Datatype: double Attributes: standard_name = 'sea_water_practical_salinity' units = '1' coordinates = 'TIME LATITUDE LONGITUDE PSAL_TARGETDEPTH' long_name = 'Sea water practical salinity as measured by the instrument' coverage_content_type = 'physicalMeasurement' comment = 'Not cleaned, detrended, interpolated or corrected. Calculated in practical salinity scale using conductivity, pressure and temperature.'